Emerging studies are shedding new light on how the gut microbiome – the trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes that live in our digestive system – might be linked to the onset and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS).
Once considered mainly a digestive aid, the gut microbiome is now recognised as a key player in overall health. It supports our immune system, influences mental wellbeing, and plays a role in hormonal and reproductive health. A growing body of research is also exploring the gut-brain axis – the complex two-way communication system between the gut and the central nervous system. Increasingly, scientists believe that imbalances in the gut microbiome could contribute to the development of neurological conditions, including MS.
At Overcoming MS, we’ve long recognised the importance of gut health in managing multiple sclerosis. Now, new research published in the scientific journal PNAS (Yoon et al., 2025) strengthens the evidence that changes in gut bacteria could play a role in MS development, and potentially progression. This latest study focuses on Lachnospiraceae, a group of bacteria commonly found in the gut, and their potential connection to the onset of MS.
Researchers identified elevated levels of Lachnospiraceae bacteria in the guts of people living with MS. To investigate further, they introduced these bacteria into germ-free mice. The result? The mice developed an MS-like disease (EAE), suggesting a possible causal link between this bacterial group and autoimmune activity.
While the mechanisms are still being explored, the research highlights the idea that specific microbes may contribute to MS-related immune dysregulation.
This is just one of several recent studies deepening our understanding of the gut–brain connection in MS:
IgY, or immunoglobulin Y, is a type of antibody derived from egg yolks. Unlike human antibodies, IgY works in the digestive tract to bind and neutralise specific pathogens or harmful bacterial components, without disrupting the beneficial microbes. In the context of MS, early research suggests that IgY supplements may help to modulate the gut immune environment, supporting microbial balance and potentially reducing inflammation. Though promising, more human trials are needed to establish its role in MS management.
Interest in probiotic interventions for MS is growing. At the recent MS Trust conference, researchers presented the initial results of a small, 12-week trial to assess the feasibility of a daily Symprove probiotic supplement for people with MS. Participants completing a self-reported questionnaire showed improvements in general quality of life and cognitive function.
More research is needed, but the study highlights a key idea: what we feed our gut may impact how we feel and function with MS.
While research continues to evolve, one message is becoming increasingly clear: our lifestyle choices can shape our gut microbiome, and in turn, may influence MS progression and symptom management.
At Overcoming MS, our holistic program already supports many of the behaviours that nurture a healthy gut:
A plant-based, whole-food diet is rich in prebiotics (fibres that feed beneficial bacteria) and natural, dairy-free probiotics. Foods like legumes, whole grains, leafy greens, fermented vegetables (such as kimchi and sauerkraut), miso, tempeh, and drinks like kombucha and water kefir can help promote microbial diversity and support immune regulation – without the saturated fat found in dairy or coconut-based products.
Regular movement improves gut motility and supports a balanced microbiome. Yet another reason to keep active!
Chronic stress alters gut bacteria and promotes inflammation. Mindfulness, meditation, and breathwork can help restore calm and balance.
The latest Lachnospiraceae study offers a compelling look into how gut health may influence MS risk, and adds to a growing body of research supporting the role of the microbiome in managing the condition. While there’s still much to learn, it’s clear that nurturing your gut could be an important part of living well with MS.
Lifestyle changes – especially those focused on food, movement, stress reduction and gut-friendly habits – are within our control. As we learn more about the microbiome’s role in MS, these everyday actions may prove more powerful than we realise.
Want to support your gut health today? Explore our nutrition and lifestyle pages or try one of our gut-friendly recipes to get started.
If you want to delve deeper into gut health join our wellbeing workshop at Living Well Live in November 2025. Tickets available now: Living Well Live! A one day event from Overcoming MS | Overcoming MS
